What is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy?

• A. Alcohol abuse
• B. Diabetes mellitus
• C. Vitamin deficiencies
• D. Autoimmune disorders

Answer: (B)

Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy due to the effects of chronic high blood sugar levels on the nervous system. Over time, elevated glucose can damage nerves, particularly in the extremities, leading to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and pain. This neuropathy, often referred to as diabetic neuropathy, can affect both sensory and motor nerves and is a significant complication for individuals with diabetes.

While factors such as alcohol abuse, vitamin deficiencies, and autoimmune disorders can also lead to peripheral neuropathy, they are less prevalent compared to the widespread impact of diabetes. The correlation between long-term diabetes management and nerve health underscores the importance of addressing glucose levels to prevent neuropathic complications.